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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaklakaŋam | om jaklakaŋ |
| 2SG: | jaklakaŋat | ot jaklakaŋ |
| 3SG: | jaklakaŋeš | ok/ogeš jaklakaŋ |
| 1PL: | jaklakaŋə̑na | ona/ogə̑na jaklakaŋ |
| 2PL: | jaklakaŋə̑da | oda/ogə̑da jaklakaŋ |
| 3PL: | jaklakaŋə̑t | ogə̑t jaklakaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaklakaŋə̑m | šə̑m jaklakaŋ |
| 2SG: | jaklakaŋə̑č́ | šə̑č́ jaklakaŋ |
| 3SG: | jaklakaŋe | ə̑š jaklakaŋ |
| 1PL: | jaklakaŋna | ə̑šna jaklakaŋ |
| 2PL: | jaklakaŋda | ə̑šda jaklakaŋ |
| 3PL: | jaklakaŋə̑č́ | ə̑št jaklakaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaklakaŋə̑nam | jaklakaŋə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | jaklakaŋə̑nat | jaklakaŋə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | jaklakaŋə̑n | jaklakaŋə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | jaklakaŋə̑nna | jaklakaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | jaklakaŋə̑nda | jaklakaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | jaklakaŋə̑nə̑t | jaklakaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaklakaŋam ə̑l'e | om jaklakaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jaklakaŋat ə̑l'e | ot jaklakaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jaklakaŋeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš jaklakaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jaklakaŋə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na jaklakaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jaklakaŋə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da jaklakaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jaklakaŋə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t jaklakaŋ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaklakaŋam ulmaš | om jaklakaŋ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jaklakaŋat ulmaš | ot jaklakaŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jaklakaŋeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš jaklakaŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jaklakaŋə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na jaklakaŋ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jaklakaŋə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da jaklakaŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jaklakaŋə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t jaklakaŋ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaklakaŋə̑nam ə̑l'e | jaklakaŋə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jaklakaŋə̑nat ə̑l'e | jaklakaŋə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jaklakaŋə̑n ə̑l'e | jaklakaŋə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jaklakaŋə̑nna ə̑l'e | jaklakaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jaklakaŋə̑nda ə̑l'e | jaklakaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jaklakaŋə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | jaklakaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaklakaŋə̑nam ulmaš | jaklakaŋə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jaklakaŋə̑nat ulmaš | jaklakaŋə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jaklakaŋə̑n ulmaš | jaklakaŋə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jaklakaŋə̑nna ulmaš | jaklakaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jaklakaŋə̑nda ulmaš | jaklakaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jaklakaŋə̑nə̑t ulmaš | jaklakaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jaklakaŋ | it jaklakaŋ |
| 3SG: | jaklakaŋže | ə̑nže jaklakaŋ |
| 1PL: | (jaklakaŋə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na jaklakaŋ) |
| 2PL: | jaklakaŋza | ida jaklakaŋ |
| 3PL: | jaklakaŋə̑št | ə̑nə̑št jaklakaŋ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaklakaŋnem | ə̑nem jaklakaŋ |
| 2SG: | jaklakaŋnet | ə̑net jaklakaŋ |
| 3SG: | jaklakaŋneže | ə̑než jaklakaŋ |
| 1PL: | jaklakaŋnena | ə̑nena jaklakaŋ |
| 2PL: | jaklakaŋneda | ə̑neda jaklakaŋ |
| 3PL: | jaklakaŋnešt | ə̑nešt jaklakaŋ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaklakaŋnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem jaklakaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jaklakaŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net jaklakaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jaklakaŋneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než jaklakaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jaklakaŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena jaklakaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jaklakaŋneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda jaklakaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jaklakaŋnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt jaklakaŋ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jaklakaŋnet ulmaš | ə̑net jaklakaŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jaklakaŋneže ulmaš | ə̑než jaklakaŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | jaklakaŋneda ulmaš | ə̑neda jaklakaŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jaklakaŋnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt jaklakaŋ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | jaklakaŋaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | jaklakaŋman |
| Active participle: | jaklakaŋše |
| Passive participle: | jaklakaŋme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | jaklakaŋšaš |
| Negative participle: | jaklakaŋdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | jaklakaŋə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | jaklakaŋde |
| Gerund of prior action: | jaklakaŋmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | jaklakaŋmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | jaklakaŋšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | jaklakaŋmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | jaklakaŋdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||